Saturday, May 25, 2013

Hadrian, post-Antinous, and the Judean response

Hadrian is known as one of the "five good emperors."  He is known for being philohellene.  He served with Trajan during the Kitos War.  While he had no history of military success, he also had no history of repression. 

Antinous died.  Hadrian's grief was extreme.  Hadrian's response to Judean resistance to his Hellenization of Jerusalem was sufficiently violent that the Judean populace was nearly obliterated.

Judean text, which did NOT prohibit intra-sexual activity, which had previously not been associated with antagonism against same-sex interaction, became identified as a text that called such interaction "abomination."

The Judean response to hearing Haman's name is to attempt to drown out the sound of it during the reading of Magillah.  The Judean response to Hadrian's name is the epitaph "may his bones be crushed" (שחיק עצמות or שחיק טמיא, the Aramaic equivalent).  This expression has no precedence, not even with Vespasion or Titus, who destroyed the Second Temple.

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